Chapter 2
2.1 Exercise 2.1
2.2 Exercise 2.2
2.3 Exercise 2.3
2.4 Exercise 2.4
2.5 Exercise 2.5
2.6 Exercise 2.6
2.7 Exercise 2.7
2.8 Exercise 2.8
2.9 Exercise 2.9
2.10 Exercise 2.10
2.11 Exercise 2.11
2.12 Exercise 2.12
2.13 Exercise 2.13
2.14 Exercise 2.14
2.15 Exercise 2.15
2.16 Exercise 2.16
2.17 Exercise 2.17
2.18 Exercise 2.18
2.19 Exercise 2.19
2.20 Exercise 2.20
2.21 Exercise 2.21
2.22 Exercise 2.22
2.23 Exercise 2.23
2.24 Exercise 2.24
2.25 Exercise 2.25
2.26 Exercise 2.26
2.27 Exercise 2.27
2.28 Exercise 2.28
2.29 Exercise 2.29
2.30 Exercise 2.30
2.31 Exercise 2.31
2.32 Exercise 2.32
2.33 Exercise 2.33
2.34 Exercise 2.34
2.35 Exercise 2.35
2.36 Exercise 2.36
2.37 Exercise 2.37
2.38 Exercise 2.38
2.39 Exercise 2.39
2.40 Exercise 2.40
2.41 Exercise 2.41
2.42 Exercise 2.42
2.43 Exercise 2.43
2.44 Exercise 2.44
2.45 Exercise 2.45
2.46 Exercise 2.46
2.47 Exercise 2.47
2.48 Exercise 2.48
2.49 Exercise 2.49
2.50 Exercise 2.50
2.51 Exercise 2.51
2.52 Exercise 2.52
2.53 Exercise 2.53
2.54 Exercise 2.54
2.55 Exercise 2.55
2.56 Exercise 2.56
2.57 Exercise 2.57
2.58 Exercise 2.58
2.59 Exercise 2.59
2.60 Exercise 2.60
2.61 Exercise 2.61
2.62 Exercise 2.62
2.63 Exercise 2.63
2.64 Exercise 2.64
2.65 Exercise 2.65
2.66 Exercise 2.66
2.67 Exercise 2.67
2.68 Exercise 2.68
2.69 Exercise 2.69
2.70 Exercise 2.70
2.71 Exercise 2.71
2.72 Exercise 2.72
2.73 Exercise 2.73
2.74 Exercise 2.74
2.75 Exercise 2.75
2.76 Exercise 2.76
2.77 Exercise 2.77
2.78 Exercise 2.78
2.79 Exercise 2.79
2.80 Exercise 2.80
2.81 Exercise 2.81
2.82 Exercise 2.82
2.83 Exercise 2.83
2.84 Exercise 2.84
2.85 Exercise 2.85
2.86 Exercise 2.86
2.87 Exercise 2.87
2.88 Exercise 2.88
2.89 Exercise 2.89
2.90 Exercise 2.90
2.91 Exercise 2.91
2.92 Exercise 2.92
2.93 Exercise 2.93
2.94 Exercise 2.94
2.95 Exercise 2.95
2.96 Exercise 2.96
2.97 Exercise 2.97

2.60 Exercise 2.60

When sets are represented as lists allowing duplicates, element-of-set? and intsersection-set can be identical. And in adjoin-set and union-set, we can remove anything having to do with a call to element-of-set? because we no longer care about making sure elements are unique.

(define (adjoin-set x set)
  (cons x set))
(define (union-set set1 set2)
  (append set1 set2))

Notice how union-set is no longer defined recursively – it simply uses the general function append to do all of the work.

Naturally, this set implementation will be slower, possibly much slower, when element-of-set? is called, just because the size of the set representation is no longer constrained by the number of unique elements in it. This in turn means that intersection-set is also slower. However, adjoin-set and union-set are going to be faster with this representation, because they no longer need to examine sets before operating on them.

If your application adds to sets much more frequently than it examines them, it might be faster overall to use this representation, especially if it mostly adds unique elements anyway.